<p>11:28 <em>As touching the gospel, they are enemies for your sake, but as touching their calling, they are beloved for the fathers' sake</em>- The unbelieving Jews are alienated from God, and in God's master plan, their failure was made use of in that it enabled the empty places in &quot;Israel&quot;, at the marriage supper, to be filled up by Gentiles. Their alienation from God was therefore positively seen as for the sake of Gentile salvation. Yet those of them who are called to the Gospel in the last days will be called specifically because of their ethnic identity- for their fathers' sake. That may appear to contradict the earlier statements that ethnicity and descent from Abraham are worthless; but Paul is building up to the climax of grace in the events of the last days, where grace will be seen to transcend every law and principle, no matter how noble of itself.</p>