<p>1:29&nbsp;<i>Being filled</i>- by God.</p><p><i>With all unrighteousness, wickedness, covetousness, maliciousness; full of envy, murder, strife, deceit, malignity</i>- One can only be filled with murder if we understand murder here as an attitude of mind, in the sense of 1 Jn. 3:15- hating our brother is murder. The context is speaking of how God is doing things to the&nbsp;<i>mind</i>, the mental attitude, of sinners.</p><p>The extent of spiritual despair, despondency and apostasy amongst the condemned generation cannot be overstated. They neglected the circumcision of their children (Josh. 5:5,6), showing their rejection of the Abrahamic covenant with them. There is good reason to think that Rom. 1 is a description of Israel in the wilderness. Rom. 1:23 accuses them of changing &ldquo;the glory of the incorruptible God into an image made like to... four-footed beasts, and creeping things&quot;, clearly alluding to Ps. 106:29 concerning how Israel in the wilderness &quot;changed their glory (i.e. God) into the similitude of an ox that eateth grass&quot; by making the golden calf. The effective atheism of Rom. 1 is matched by Ps. 106:21: &quot;They forgat God their saviour&quot;. The long catalogue of Israel's wilderness sins in Ps. 106 is similar to that in&nbsp;Rom. 1. &quot;Full of envy&quot; (Rom. 1:29) corresponds to them envying Moses (Ps. 106:16), &quot;whisperers&quot; (Rom. 1:29) to &quot;murmurers&quot; (Ps. 106:25), &quot;inventors of evil things&quot; (Rom. 1:30) to God being angered with &quot;their inventions&quot; of false gods (Ps. 106:29). Because of this &quot;God gave them up&quot; to continue in their sexual perversion and bitterness with each other, even to the extent of murder (Rom. 1:27,29). They were a rabble of about 2 million people living in moral anarchy, driven on in their lust by the knowledge that God had rejected them. The children of that generation who later turned out faithful- indeed the generation that settled Canaan were perhaps the most faithful generation in Israel&rsquo;s history- must have had to violently rebel against the attitude of the world and older generation around them.</p>